Consequently, we recommend: 1) stepwise monitoring though antibody screening and regular target organ function assessments in patients with single-gland autoimmune diseases; 2) vigilance for cortisol-ACTH axis dynamics during thyroid hormone replacement therapy; 3) cautious use of TCM to avoid potential adrenal toxicity; and 4) multidisciplinary management, including structured glucocorticoid adjustment during stress events for patients with an elevated risk for AC. Here, TG is linked to autoimmune disease.