CD274 and neoplasm: Biomarkers like high PD-L1 expression help select patients with greater benefit, but they do not identify all responders [5,6]. Other biomarkers, such as mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) and high microsatellite instability (MSI-H), are established predictors of ICI response in solid tumors, enhancing tumor immunogenicity through increased mutational burden [7-9].