These alterations include mutations, copy number alterations, and structural variations (SVs) involving T-cell receptor/NF-κB (such as PLCG1, VAV1, and CD28) and JAK/STAT (JAK3 and STAT3) pathway components, epigenetic regulators (TET2, DNMT3A, and ARID1A), immune-associated molecules (HLA-A/B, CD58, and PD-L1), and tumor suppressors (TP53 and CDKN2A), which are shared among various PTCL subtypes. This evidence concerns the gene CD28 and mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.