GREM1 and osteoarthritis: Bmp6 implicated in regulation of proteoglycan synthesis by the chondrocytes (Bobacz et al. 2003) was increased 1.6‐fold, Fzd5 able to maintain proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells and prevent senescence was increased 1.8‐fold, Grem1, a cartilage progenitor marker was increased 1.8‐fold and noggin (Nog) shown to prevent osteoarthritis progression in rats was increased 1.9‐fold.