Subsequent gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) based on DEGs demonstrated that immune response-related pathways were enriched in pCR group, including TNF signaling pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, PD-L1 expression and PD-1 checkpoint pathway in cancers and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (Fig. 3b-f). Here, CD274 is linked to cancer.