GPX4 and steatosis: Consistent with the mechanisms observed in MAFLD mice, RT-qPCR and western blot analyses confirmed that HDA downregulated XBP1 and Hrd1 expression whileupregulating Nrf2, SLC7A11, and GPX4 in the HepG2 steatosis model, thereby inhibiting ferroptosis (Figure 7(b–c)).