JAK3 and renal fibrosis: Although the exact role of JAK3 in the context of fibrosis needs to be defined, preclinical studies have shown that JAK3 inhibition has promising effects in models for renal fibrosis.112 A phase 1b/2a study assessed the efficacy of OST-122 in moderate to severe UC patients, and preliminary results indicated that the drug is effective and well tolerated, showing limited systemic absorption (NCT04353791).113