By targeting specific residues within the ATP-binding site, it is possible to develop compounds that effectively modulate JAK1 activity with reduced off-target effects, enhancing therapeutic efficacy in treating diseases involving dysregulated JAK-STAT signaling.​ Baricitinib (JAK1/2) and ruxolitinib (JAK1/2) have been used in severe COVID-19 to dampen hyperinflammation (Hasselbalch et al. 2021; Vannucchi, et al. 2021). Here, JAK1 is linked to COVID-19.