Studies have shown that HTRA1 is significantly elevated in Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and its inhibition can effectively prevent the transformation of cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, thereby significantly suppressing myocardial fibrosis and improving left ventricular function in DCM mice (Shi et al., 2024). Here, HTRA1 is linked to dilated cardiomyopathy.