In this context, studies have reported a high expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome, both in the gingival tissues of patients with periodontitis (Bostanci et al., 2009; Park et al., 2014), as well as in cells of the innate immune system and pancreatic β-cells in patients with T2DM (Schroder et al., 2010; Jourdan et al., 2013). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.