A variety of obesity-related hormones, including leptin, adiponectin, insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family members, and sex hormones, have been identified in recent studies (Nikolaou et al., 2019; Nguyen and Shanmugan, 2024), as contributing to the colon carcinogenesis and poor prognosis of CRC. Here, LEP is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.