RIPK2 and bacterial infectious disease: Several studies have demonstrated increased RIPK2 mRNA expression following bacterial infections, including Legionella pneumophila (Frutuoso et al., 2010), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Divangahi et al., 2008), Listeria monocytogenes (Kobayashi et al., 2002), Salmonella enterica (Geddes et al., 2010), and Chlamydia pneumoniae (Shimada et al., 2009; Shehat et al., 2019).