To assess the impact of these interacting cells on patient prognosis, as well as the prognostic role of the adrenergic receptor pathway in ESCC, we used the expression matrix of ADRB1+ T cells, CD44+ Malignant cell and SPP1+ Macrophage in scRNA-seq data as a feature matrix deconvolution into the bulk RNA-seq expression matrix of ESCC patients in TCGA data, respectively (Figure 5A; Supplementary Table 3). Here, SPP1 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.