Notably, plasma levels of the astrocytic marker GFAP and axonal injury marker NFL show significant elevation (8).The acute phase response of TBI exhibits specific characteristics distinguishable from other neurological disorders: First, TBI’s acute response has a defined temporal profile (24–72 hours), contrasting sharply with the chronic inflammatory processes (lasting months to years) observed in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease (8). Here, GFAP is linked to Parkinson disease.