After adjusting for traditional risk factors (including age, preconception BMI, family history of diabetes, smoking exposure, and alcohol consumption), the logistic regression analysis revealed that PDX1 in early pregnancy was linked to a decreased risk of GDM (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.287, 95%CI 0.130-0.636, P=0.002) (Table 4). This evidence concerns the gene PDX1 and gestational diabetes.