The LC‒MS/MS results also showed that overexpression of NDUFS3 promoted the TCA cycle in SK-MEL-110 melanoma cells, with intermediate products such as Acetyl-CoA, isocitrate, α-ketoglutarate (Fig. 5A); On the contrary, knocking down SK-MEL-110 NDUFS3 resulted in a decrease in Acetyl-CoA, citric acid, and isocitrate content (Fig. 5B). The gene discussed is NDUFS3; the disease is melanoma.