However, following exercise training, plasma BCAA levels were higher in individuals with type 2 diabetes compared with individuals with obesity both in the basal (352±13 vs 294±7 pmol/l, p=0.011) and the 2 h insulin-stimulated states (238±13 vs 184±6 pmol/l, p=0.023) (Fig. 3b), and also when including all plasma BCAAs measured (main effect p<0.001) (ESM Fig. 1b). Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.