Neutrophils interacting with platelets laden with pathogens release NETs that entrap pathogens and promote thrombosis.253,254 This process is intricately regulated by Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and protein-arginine deiminase type 4 (PAD4), which are essential for modulating the immune response and preventing excessive thrombus formation.255,256 NETs play a dual role in immunity and thrombosis by targeting pathogens while inadvertently promoting clot formation, which can lead to microvascular obstruction and tissue ischemia in severe infections. The gene discussed is PADI4; the disease is infection.