Kidney lipid accumulation, BUN, UAE, plasma middle-to-long-chain Acyl-C, KIM-1+ and collagen+ cells, glomerulosclerosis, plasma lipid parameters except for HDL-cholesterol, and glucagon levels were significantly increased in SDF-f-DKD rats compared with SDT-f rats, while plasma free carnitine, short-chain Acyl-C, and the ratio of short-chain Acyl-C/middle-to-long-chain Acyl-C were decreased in SDS-f-DKD rats (Figure 3, D–N, and Supplemental Table 1). Here, GCG is linked to glomerulosclerosis.