These included interferons (IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-γ), proinflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10), and matrix metalloproteinases 3 (which contribute to blood-brain barrier disruption) after TMUV infection. Here, IFNB1 is linked to infection.