Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of the TNF-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6), caspase-3, and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) genes in liver tissue were examined to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects of BA as well as the inflammation and apoptosis caused by BO. This evidence concerns the gene CASP3 and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome.