Additionally, in ESCC cells with high ANO1 expression, the inhibitory effect of the LXR pathway on interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is reduced, leading to increased secretion of IL-1β, activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalling in fibroblasts, and production of chemokine CCL1, thereby increasing the invasiveness of ESCC cells. Here, NFKB1 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.