The Mg@PEG-PLGA gel developed by Zhou et al. [121] can reduce intracellular ROS through the precise release of magnesium ions and hydrogen, induce the polarization of macrophages towards the M2 phenotype and inhibit the IκB/NF-κB signalling pathway; moreover, it also significantly promotes the repair of osteoporotic fractures in vivo, providing key insights for the precise targeted inhibition of OCs in the treatment of osteoporosis in the future. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and osteoporosis.