Future clinical study with large sample size and with prospective design might be required to further establish its causal relationship, and investigate other possible fibrosis indicators, such as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and its inhibitor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP), in addition to NT-proBNP, so as to provide more information on the development of myocardial fibrosis. The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is Myocardial fibrosis.