MAPT and Alzheimer disease: Furthermore, the synthesized NPs were able to effectively target hyperphosphorylated tau, facilitate neuronal stability, decrease inflammation and damage to hippocampal regions. In vivo studies with AD rats that the conjugated NPs improved memory and cognition. The nanoparticles under investigation have shown promising potential for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications in AD, as evidenced by their successful performance in in vitro and in vivo studies.