CPT1A and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we quantified the protein expression of key enzymes involved in fatty acid transport (including CD36, VLDLR, and FATP5), lipogenesis (SREBP1c and FASN), and fatty acid β-oxidation (p-AMPK, AMPK, CPT1α, and PPARα) through Western blot analysis of MASLD mouse models.