Oncogenic aberrant BRAF signalling induced by the V600E somatic variant has been shown to impair autophagy.51-53 The MEKi trametinib, which targets MEK1/MEK2 that sit downstream from BRAF within the RAS/RAF/MAPK pathway (Fig. 5), has received some attention as a repurposing candidate for ALS. Here, MAP2K1 is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.