Moreover, studies have shown that beyond BRCA mutations, many sporadic ovarian cancers also exhibit other DNA repair deficiencies, such as homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), rendering these patients partially sensitive to PARP inhibitors (PARPi) (57).The HRD scoring system has become a crucial tool in clinical practice for identifying HRD-positive ovarian cancer patients. The gene discussed is PARP1; the disease is ovarian cancer.