Activation of the ERK pathway has also been observed in retinal degenerative diseases, including AMD, and inhibiting ERK has been shown to alleviate retinal neuroinflammation.[87,154] Consistent with previous studies, our research revealed a significant upregulation of the ERK pathway in the retinas of CNV mice and in microglia activated by LPS. The gene discussed is MAPK1; the disease is age-related macular degeneration.