Another humanized monoclonal antibody, v1Lt1, has been shown to inhibit DKK1-CKAP4 signaling and AKT activity, as well as prevent sphere formation in pancreatic cancer cells and suppress xenograft tumor formation induced by human pancreatic cancer cells and tumor growth in murine cancer models utilizing orthotopic transplantation of murine pancreatic cancer organoids into the pancreas [51]. Here, DKK1 is linked to cancer.