INS and Shock: Among diabetic medications after septic shock, metformin within 48 h and metformin within 72 h were more frequently administered in the surviving group than non-surviving group (22.7% vs. 6.2%, P < 0.001 and 47.8% vs. 15.9%, P < 0.001, respectively), whereas insulin within 48 h was less frequently administered in the surviving group than non-surviving group.