Regarding the levels of inflammatory-related cytokines in colon tissues, uridine intervention reduce the upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels caused by TNBS induced IBD, including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α (Figures 2G, I, p < 0.05), and promoted the expression of IL-10 in mice colon (Figure 2J, p < 0.05). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and inflammatory bowel disease.