However, the clinical overlap with other demyelinating conditions, such as clinically isolated syndrome, multiple sclerosis, or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, can cause diagnostic challenges.[3,6] Specifically, the determination of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-antibodies has risen as a relevant biomarker to help discriminate ADEM from other ADSs. This evidence concerns the gene MOG and neuromyelitis optica.