PSMC4 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Notably, patients with NSCLC at T1–T2 stages exhibited lower PSMC4 expression compared to those at T3–T4 stages (Figure 10C), and a similar trend was observed for N0–N1 stage patients, who showed reduced PSMC4 expression relative to those at N2–N3 stages (Figure 10D).