Cytokine expression analysis revealed upregulation of IL-1α, IL-2, IL-4, and TNFα and downregulation of IL-6 and IL-8 in JX14P TAMs compared to JX14P-RT TAMs (Fig. 5C), suggesting that JX14P-RT TAMs have a higher capacity for tumor-promoting inflammation. This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and neoplasm.