After adjusting for age, education, hypertension, stroke, anti-diabetic drugs (GLP-1R agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors), and HbA1c, there was a linear trend between BMI (P for non-linearity = 0.637), WHR (P for non-linearity = 0.430), WHtR (P for non-linearity = 0.452), BRI (P for non-linearity = 0.252), AVI (P for non-linearity = 0.944), and TyG index (P for non-linearity = 0.514) and the risk of MCI in elderly patients with T2D (Figs. 3A–3F). Here, SLC5A2 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.