CCL2-mediated recruitment of circulatory monocytes and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) to tumour tissues leads to an abundance of TAMs, often associated with poor clinical outcomes, as evidenced by its correlation with TAM accumulation, early relapse, and vessel invasion in human breast cancer and poor prognosis in oesophageal carcinogenesis. This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and neoplasm.