We also highlight the involvement of NUDT21 in this process, underscoring the importance of NUDT21-mediated APA regulation in macrophage responses to Mtb. These insights deepen our understanding of host–pathogen interactions in macrophages during Mtb infection and highlight the need for further exploration of the APA regulation pathway in TB disease, particularly in relation to its regulators and their impact on disease progression. The gene discussed is NUDT21; the disease is tuberculosis.