Upon A-431 cells infection with G. vaginalis, the levels of IL-8 (Figure 4E), IL-1α (Figure 4F), and IL-1β (Figure 4G) did not change, irrespective of the pretreatment or not with BL, even though a trend of increased IL-8 could be observed in BL-primed as compared to un-primed infected cells (Figure 4E). Here, IL1A is linked to infection.