TNF and neoplasm: Results from irGSEA showed that tumor cells with elevated SRGN levels exhibit upregulation of multiple hallmark pathways, encompassing the Hedgehog signaling, unfolded protein response, early estrogen response, apoptosis, EMT, the p53 pathway, TGFβ signaling, increased ultraviolet response, hypoxia, cholesterol homeostasis, as well as the TNFA signaling pathway NFKB and myogenesis (Figure 2H).