Other VEGF family members contribute to RA pathology.599 VEGF-B deficiency reduces synovial angiogenesis and inflammation, whereas VEGF-C promotes lymphangiogenesis, improving lymphatic drainage and reducing tissue damage.600 Given the central role of VEGF signaling, targeted therapies such as soluble VEGFRs, anti-VEGF antibodies, and the VEGFR2 inhibitor ramucirumab have shown promise in reducing inflammation and disease severity.601–603 Their efficacy is further enhanced in combination with methotrexate, presenting a potential therapeutic strategy for managing RA. This evidence concerns the gene KDR and rheumatoid arthritis.