KDR and neoplasm: VEGFR2-platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ) heterodimers (Fig. 5b) link angiogenesis to vessel maturation via pericyte recruitment, stabilizing tumor vasculature.142 VEGFR2-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) heterodimers, formed in the presence of both EGF and VEGF, offer a ligand-dependent mechanism for diversifying cancer signaling.143 Moreover, the CD44v6 isoform acts as a co-receptor for VEGFR2 in ECs,144 enhancing ERK signaling (Fig. 5b).