Colagiuri et al. [64] reported no effects of aspartame compared with sucrose for 6 wk on glucose, insulin, or measures of HbA1c in individuals with NIDDM, and Preechasuk et al. [96] reported no effects of aspartame compared with allulose for 12 wk on glucose, insulin, insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, HbA1c, GLP-1, GIP, or adverse events in individuals with NIDDM. The gene discussed is GIP; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.