More aggressive tumors are highly proliferative; thus, we extended our analysis beyond Ki-67 to assess whether increased proliferation may be driving the worse outcomes of patients whose tumors express elevated levels of PAFAH1B1. We used a list of proliferative index genes defined by Venet, et al. (35) as a proxy measure of tumor proliferation rate and assessed whether these genes were associated with PAFAH1B1 expression. Here, MKI67 is linked to neoplasm.