This study analyzed previously published genetic data obtained from Brazilian patients with iron overload and found a relevant but small prevalence of HFE C282Y/C282Y patients when compared to European populations, while mutations of the TFR2, SCL40A1, HJV, HAMP, BMP6 and SLC11A1 genes seem to be important. The gene discussed is SLC11A1; the disease is Tangier disease.