IL13 and lung disorder: For example, gut microbial dysbiosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of lung diseases through various immune-mediated pathways, including modulation of T helper 17 cell (Th17) responses, CD8 T-cell activity, and interleukin-13 (IL-13), interleukin 25 (IL-25), and prostaglandin E2 production [10].