In addition, adiponectin concentrations remained significantly higher in the NG group (p < 0.05) compared to the IGT&T2D group after surgery, while leptin levels significantly decreased after bariatric surgery in both the NG and the IGT&T2D groups (p < 0.001 for both), with no significant difference between groups. The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.