Additionally, cytokines produced from cancer cells, such as PTHrP, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and IL-8, create and activate osteoclasts through activating the RANK/RANKL receptors, and subsequently, NF-κB (43), which leads to muscle loss and sarcopenia (5, 44, 45). Here, NFKB1 is linked to sarcopenia.