From this study, we conclude that after injecting rhBMP2 into the vitreous cavity of experimental myopic guinea pigs, it can bind to BMP2-related receptors, activate smad signaling pathway, affect the expression of MMP2/TIMP2, promote the expression of Col1A1 gene, regulate scleral remodeling, promote collagen I synthesis, and delay the development of myopia. The gene discussed is MMP2; the disease is myopia.