In the fully adjusted model, each ln-unit increase in AGP concentrations was associated with a 1.13-fold higher odds ratio of depression (OR: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.26–3.64) and a 1.47-point elevation in PHQ-9 values (β: 1.47, 95% CI: 0.37–2.56). Here, ATP5MK is linked to depressive symptom measurement.