The development of AD involves multiple factors, including abundant deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ), tau protein hyperphosphorylation that forms the senile plaques, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, all of which collectively contribute to synaptic loss and neuronal death in the AD brains, leading to cognitive impairments (Ma et al., 2022). The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is Cognitive impairment.